Controlling cellulose feedstock size allows for modification of cellulose-based carbon-based solid acid size

Carbon-based solid acids (CSA) have grown in popularity recent years owing to their strong catalytic activity, thermal stability, and reusability. The size effect has a significant influence on the activity of carbon-based heterogeneous catalysts. impacts raw material shape, sulfonation degree, produced were examined this article. Various sizes microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), nanocrystals (CNCs), cotton fiber pulp (CP) used as carbon sources simple carbon-sulphonation method synthesize acids. CSA high concentration sulphonic acid groups, well hydroxyl carboxyl exhibits remarkable for conversion xylan xylose. generated from MCC most homogeneous greatest degree sulphonation, highest activity. rate hydrolysis xylose was up 58.8% under ideal reaction conditions (150 °C, 4 h), catalyst retained almost its initial level after five cycles with no appreciable deactivation.Graphical abstract